Feedstock Operations

Feedstock Operations are a vital component of Genera Biomass. Genera Biomass is working to establish, maintain, and grow a substantial and reliable bioenergy feedstock. (dedicated bioenergy crop supply chain) The feedstock operations segment of Genera Biomass works closely with the University of Tennessee on a variety of research studies involving dedicated bioenergy crops such as switchgrass. Multiple research programs involving dozens of faculty are underway in support of the biofuels program. (This third and final round of plantings with the Switchgrass Farmers Incentive Program (SFIP) will be contracted under Genera Biomass). Genera Biomass LLC holds the contracts for production, storage, and hauling

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a warm-season prairie grass that is native to North America. It is a perennial grass that can be harvested annually. There are two types of switchgrass, upland and lowland varieties. The UT Biofuels Initiative focuses on the Alamo lowland variety. Lowland varieties typically grow much taller, seven to 10 feet, and produce more biomass than upland varieties in Tennessee. Once planted, typically with no-till equipment, switchgrass is slow to establish, taking three years to reach full maturity. Once mature, the plant will typically exceed seven feet in height. With an extensive root system, it has been used often for soil conservation, erosion control, and other environmental benefits. As a perennial plant, switchgrass does not need to be replanted annually. Farmers can maintain their switchgrass stands for 11-12 years without replanting or seeing a decline in yield, with some existing stands being over 20 years old.

Switchgrass grown for energy is typically harvested once per year after the first of November or the first killing frost. This timing allows the plant to go dormant, stems to dry on the stalk, and the nutrients to move back down into the roots for use during the next growing season. Mowing and harvesting is conducted with conventional hay equipment such as round or square balers. Mature switchgrass yields are usually six to eight dry tons per acre or higher.